Configurar um endereço IP numa máquina virtual (EN)

Objective

After you have created a virtual machine (VM), you can assign to it a public or private IP address so that the VM has internet and/or private network connectivity.

This guide will show you how to assign a public or private IP address to a virtual machine.

Requirements

• You must have already created a virtual machine.
• You will need an IP block.

Instructions

Retrieve your information

IPv4

IPv6

You can retrieve the information of your public IPv4 address block directly from the vSphere client, by going to the Hosts and clusters section. Then click on your datacentre and choose the Configure tab. Then click Network below OVHcloud.

On each block delivered by OVHcloud, 5 IP addresses are reserved for network configuration and should never be used for your virtual machines. This is the first and the last four IPs in the block.

A Private Cloud IP block is organized as follows:

• The first IP address marked as reserved corresponds to the network address.
• The following IPs can be used for your virtual machines. They are marked as Available if no VM is using them, or as Used if they are being used.
• The last four IPs in the block are reserved, two are dedicated to OVHcloud routers for operating the block, and the other two are used for gateway and broadcast.

Warning

By default, the IPv6 block delivered with your Dedicated Cloud is not activated, so you will need to open a support request to request its activation.

You can retrieve your public IPv6 address block information via the OVHcloud Control Panel by going to the Manage my IPs section.

Before you begin, and in order to use the same terminology during the changes, please read the table below. It references terms that we will use in this documentation:

Term	Description	Example
YOUR_IPV6	This is an IPv6 address of the IPv6 block assigned to your service	2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx::1
IPv6_PREFIX	This is the prefix (or netmask) of your IPv6 block, usually 64	2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx::/56
IPv6_GATEWAY	This is the gateway (or gateway) of your IPv6 block	2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff

Configure a public IP address

To configure a public IP address on your virtual machine, you must first choose the VMNetwork interface in your VM network adapter settings:

Linux IPv4

Windows IPv4

Linux IPv6

Windows IPv6

Here is an example of a configuration on the Debian distribution:

    auto eth0
    iface eth0 inet static
    address 46.105.220.xxx
    netmask 255.255.255.240
    broadcast 46.105.220.xxx
    gateway 46.105.220.xxx
    dns-nameservers 213.186.33.99

Restart your network system with systemctl restart networking.

You can check the configuration with ip a.

If your virtual machine cannot find the network, make sure that the network adapter is configured on VMNetwork and not on LocalPortGroup or a VLAN, and that the adapter’s connection box is ticked.

Here is an example of a configuration on Windows:

In the Control Panel, go to Network and Internet then Network and Sharing Center and then Modify the network adapter.

To go faster, you can click on the Windows search field and write Run (which corresponds to simultaneously pressing the Windows key and the R key of your keyboard). The Windows command console will open, and you can enter the following command:

ncpa.cpl

Then right-click the network adapter corresponding to the VMNetwork and select Properties. Then select TCP/IP v4 protocol and click on Properties and enter your IP information as follows:

    IP Address: 46.105.220.xxx
    Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240
    Default Gateway: 46.105.220.yyy
    DNS Server: 213.186.33.99

Here is an example of a network configuration on the Debian distribution:

    auto eth0
    iface eth0 inet6 static
    address 2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx::
    netmask 56
    gateway 2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff

Restart your network system with systemctl restart networking.

You can check the configuration with ip a.

If your virtual machine cannot find the network, make sure to check if the network card is configured on VMNetwork and not on LocalPortGroup or a VLAN, and that the network card's connection checkbox is checked.

Here is an example of a configuration on Windows:

In the Control Panel, go to Network and Internet then Network and Sharing Center and then Modify the network adapter.

To go faster, you can click on the Windows search field and write Run (which corresponds to simultaneously pressing the Windows key and the R key of your keyboard). The Windows command console will open, and you can enter the following command:

ncpa.cpl

Then right-click the network adapter corresponding to the VMNetwork and select Properties. Then select TCP/IP v4 protocol and click on Properties and enter your IP information as follows:

    IP Address: 2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx::
    Subnet Mask: 56
    Default Gateway: 2001:41d0:xxxx:xxxx:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
    DNS Server: 2001:41d0:3:163::1

Configure a private IP address

The process for configuring a private IP address is similar to that of a public IP address. However, you must use the network adapter configured for your VLAN or VxLAN.

In your interface options, you can edit the following settings:

• A VLAN interface (10 to 20 by default and linked to the vRack, you can create more by consulting this guide).

• A VxLAN interface (vxw-dvs, etc.).

In your virtual machine settings, you can use a VLAN or a VxLAN:

Linux

Here is a configuration example on a Debian operating system:

By editing the interfaces file, you can assign a private IP address on your chosen IP range:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.70.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.70.254

Restart your network system with systemctl restart networking.

You can check the configuration with ip a.

Windows

Here is a configuration example for Windows:

In the configuration panel, go to Network and Internet, then Network and Sharing Centre, and then to Change Network Adapter.

To speed up the process, you can click on the Windows search field and write Run (or press the Windows and R keys at the same time). The Windows command console will open, and you can enter this command:

ncpa.cpl

Right-click on the corresponding VMNetwork adapter and click Properties. Then select TCP/IPv4 protocol and click again on Properties, then enter your IP information as follows:

By modifying this interface, you can assign a private IP address on your chosen IP range:

IP address: 192.168.70.2
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway: 192.168.70.254

Go further

Join our community of users on https://community.ovh.com/en/.